Three weeks after declaring martial law together, one partner pushed the other out.

On October 7, 1958, Pakistan's President Iskander Mirza abrogated the constitution and appointed army chief General Ayub Khan to run martial law. On October 27, Ayub Khan removed Mirza and took the presidency himself, becoming Pakistan's first military ruler.

He governed until 1969, overseeing rapid economic growth alongside sharp political restrictions. His takeover set a pattern of military involvement in Pakistan's politics that shaped the country for decades.

What do you know about Pakistan's early history?

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